It is common to observe iron deficiency within new growth of almonds. Iron is an essential micronutrient that is used to build chloroplasts. Without iron, the leaves fail to turn green. More obviously, iron deficiency causes interveinal chlorosis – or yellowing between the veins – on new growth. Severe deficiency will reduce growth and lead to increased susceptibility to minor leaf pathogens. Iron deficiency is not observed on older tissues due to lack of mobility within the plant. Iron deficiency is commonly observed in the spring as yellowish looking trees. This is due to wet and saturated soil conditions that limit fine feeder root development. These roots serve as the primary point for iron absorption. Secondly, too wet of soils increases the amount of carbon dioxide (CO2), which forms carbonate (HCO3-) leading to a temporary increase in soil pH, which reduces iron’s availability. The solution for this cause is simple – withhold irrigation until soil moisture levels drop and good aeration can occur. It is very common to see recovery within 7-10 days after the soils have dried to field capacity. The second primary cause of iron deficiency is “lime induced iron chlorosis.” Since higher pH restricts iron uptake, it can create deficiencies. This is very common in poor quality soils in which the pH is greater than 7.5. A soil test or soil pH meter can help determine if high pH is the cause of the observed deficiency. Soil acidification or modification is recommended to resolve the symptoms. When dealing with “lime induced iron chlorosis,” there are a few strategies to manage. These include the use of acids or acid forming fertilizer to lower soil pH. Injecting acids into the fertilization system can be complicated, but tend to direct the acid to the area which contains the most roots